ITO Section 11

Heads of income.

(1) For the purposes of the imposition of tax and the computation of total income, all income shall be classified under the following heads, namely: 

• (a) Salary;
• [(b) Income from Property;]
• [(c) Income from Business;]
• [(d) Capital Gains; and]
• [(e) Income from Other Sources.]

(2) Subject to this Ordinance, the income of a person under a head of income for a tax year shall be the total of the amounts derived by the person in that year that are chargeable to tax under the head as reduced by the total deductions, if any, allowed under this Ordinance to the person for the year under that head.

(3) Subject to this Ordinance, where the total deductions allowed under this Ordinance to a person for a tax year under a head of income exceed the total of the amounts derived by the person in that year that are chargeable to tax under that head, the person shall be treated as sustaining a loss for that head for that year of an amount equal to the excess.

(4) A loss for a head of income for a tax year shall be dealt with in accordance with Part VIII of this Chapter.

(5) The income of a resident person under a head of income shall be computed by taking into account amounts that are Pakistan-source income and amounts that are foreign-source income.

(6) The income of a non-resident person under a head of income shall be computed by taking into account only amounts that are Pakistan-source income.