Test 6 - pakarbiter

Q1. According to the UN Charter, are ICJ judgments in disputes between States binding on the parties concerned?

1 Marks

A. Only if the Security Council approves them

B. Yes, they are binding upon the parties concerned

C. Only if the General Assembly ratifies them

D. No, they are purely advisory

Q2. What is the primary feature that distinguishes arbitration from mediation?

1 Marks

A. Mediation requires the use of a court

B. Mediation results in a binding decision imposed by a third party

C. Arbitration allows parties to resolve disputes entirely on their own

D. Arbitration involves submission to an impartial third party whose decision is binding

Q3. What is the term length for judges of the International Court of Justice?

1 Marks

A. Seven years, with no re-election allowed

B. Ten years, renewable once

C. Five years, non-renewable

D. Nine years, with eligibility for re-election

Q4. How many judges make up the International Court of Justice?

1 Marks

A. Fifteen

B. Twelve

C. Ten

D. Twenty

Q5. Where were early examples of mediation and arbitration historically found?

1 Marks

A. Ancient India, the Islamic world, ancient Greece, China, Arabian tribes, medieval Europe, and Papal practice

B. Only in medieval Europe

C. Only in ancient Greece and Rome

D. Only in the European Union

Q6. What qualifications must ICJ judges possess?

1 Marks

A. Experience in national politics or cabinet-level positions

B. Military service and experience in international diplomacy

C. High moral character and qualifications for the highest judicial office or recognized competence in international law

D. Fluency in all six official UN languages

Q7. What is the historical significance of the creation of the ICJ?

1 Marks

A. It replaced all regional arbitration systems

B. It primarily enforces economic sanctions between States

C. It represented the culmination of a long process developing methods for the pacific settlement of international disputes

D. It was created solely to prosecute individuals for war crimes

Q8. According to the Statute of the ICJ, what is prohibited for members of the Court during their term?

1 Marks

A. Engaging in political, administrative, or other professional occupations

B. Hearing cases from their own country only

C. Participating in advisory opinions

D. Speaking more than one UN official language

Q9. How are judges of the ICJ selected with respect to nationality?

1 Marks

A. Judges are elected regardless of their nationality

B. Judges must represent every UN Member State

C. Only citizens of permanent Security Council members can be elected

D. Judges must alternate by continent

Q10. How is a judge's resignation from the ICJ officially recognized?

1 Marks

A. When it is transmitted by the President of the Court to the Secretary-General

B. When the judge submits it to the national group that nominated them

C. When a formal vote is held by the Security Council

D. When announced publicly in the General Assembly

Q11. . What does Article 33 of the UN Charter list as methods for the pacific settlement of disputes between States?

1 Marks

A. Negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, and resort to regional agencies or arrangements

B. Military intervention, economic sanctions, and mediation

C. Diplomatic isolation and punitive measures

D. Only judicial settlement

Q12. According to ICJ rules, how can one attend the Court’s hearings?

1 Marks

A. Attendance is strictly limited to judges and UN officials

B. Attendance is by invitation from the International Criminal Court

C. Hearings are public unless decided otherwise; media representatives must be accredited

D. Only diplomats from the parties to a case may attend

Q13. How can treaty clauses allow the ICJ to hear disputes?

1 Marks

A. Treaties automatically give the ICJ jurisdiction over all matters

B. Treaties may include jurisdictional clauses by which States agree to submit disputes regarding the treaty to the ICJ

C. Only human rights treaties are recognized by the ICJ

D. Only human rights treaties are recognized by the ICJ

Q14. Who may request advisory opinions from the ICJ?

1 Marks

A. Any State without UN membership

B. United Nations organs and specialized agencies authorized to do so

C. Regional courts only

D. Individuals or corporations

Q15. How does judicial settlement, as applied by the ICJ, differ from arbitration?

1 Marks

A. Judicial settlement allows parties to ignore the court’s decisions

B. Judicial settlement is always voluntary, unlike arbitration

C. Arbitration cannot produce binding decisions, whereas judicial settlement can

D. A court follows stricter procedural rules than an arbitral tribunal

Q16. What recourse does a party have if it disagrees about the meaning or scope of an ICJ judgment?

1 Marks

A. Ignore the judgment without consequence

B. Request the Court for an interpretation

C. Appeal to the International Criminal Court

D. Submit the issue to the Security Council for revision

Q17. What is a unilateral declaration in the context of ICJ jurisdiction?

1 Marks

A. A declaration by a State recognizing the ICJ’s jurisdiction as binding with respect to other consenting States

B. A declaration by the Secretary-General authorizing the Court to act

C. A declaration by the General Assembly limiting ICJ jurisdiction

D. A declaration by a State asking the Court to prosecute individuals

Q18. Who elects the Members (judges) of the International Court of Justice?

1 Marks

A. The General Assembly and the Security Council

B. The Permanent Court of Arbitration alone

C. The International Criminal Court

D. The Secretary-General of the United Nations

Q19. How are candidates nominated for election to the ICJ by UN Members not represented in the Permanent Court of Arbitration?

1 Marks

A. By national groups appointed by their governments under the same conditions as the Hague Convention of 1907

B. Through public elections in their own countries

C. By the Security Council directly

D. By the General Assembly without nomination

Q20. Which type of jurisdiction allows the ICJ to settle legal disputes submitted by States?

1 Marks

A. Advisory jurisdiction

B. Contentious jurisdiction

C. Criminal jurisdiction

D. Appellate jurisdiction

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